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LIST of the KINGS of EGYPT
NOTE: This list follows that of CAH (Cambridge Ancient History) except as noted. For the dating used here, see A Note on Determining Dates. See Appendix A for other lists and dating schemes. TC = Turin Canon; A = Abydos List; Saq = Saqqara List.
PREDYNASTIC PERIOD
This list is based on www.narmer.com. See Appendix A. ... ... Ny-Hor (Nu-Hor) Hat-Hor (Hatj-Hor) Pe-Hor Hedj-Hor Iry-Hor Ka (Sehen) "Crocodile" "Scorpion"
EARLY DYNASTIC PERIOD Dynasty I; C 3110 ­ C 2890
A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TC 2.11 2.12 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 SAQ Narmer Aha Djer Djet Den Anedjib Semerkhet Qaa Horus Name Personal Name Men (Menes) Iti (Athothis) Iti (Athothis) Iterty Khasty Merpebia (Miebis) Irynetjer Qaa Approx Reign
47 55-60 7 8 25
1 2
Dynasty II; C 2890 ­ C 2670
This list has been modified by www.narmer.com A 9 10 11 12 13 TC 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.23 2.24 name 3.2 3.3 SAQ 3 4 5 6 7 8 name 10 11 Horus Name Hetepsekhemwy Reneb Nynetjer Personal Name Hetep Nubnefer Nynetjer Weneg (Wadjnes) Sened (Sethenes) Sekhemib Aka Neferkasokar Khasekhem (?) Khasekhemwy Approx Reign 35? 39? 45-47 19
Peribsen Neferkare Hudjefa Khasekhemwy
8 17
14

OLD KINGDOM Dynasty III; C 2670 ­ C 2600
This list has been modified by www.narmer.com A 15 16 17 18 19 TC 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 SAQ 12 13 14 15 Senakhte Netjerykhet Sekhemkhet Hudjefa Khaba Huni Horus Name Personal Name Nebka Djoser Djoser Teti (`lacuna' in lists) Hune (Nysuteh ?) Approx Reign <19 16-19 6-8 4-6 24
Dynasty IV; C 2600 ­ C 2490
A 20 21 23 24 25 TC 3.9 SAQ 17 18 19 Name Sneferu Cheops (Khufu) Redjedef (Kheper) (usurper) Chephren (Khafre)(son of Cheops) Baufre (?) (usurper) Mycernious (Menkure) Shepseskaf (Shepsesykhet) Dedefptah? (`Thampthis') (or Ptahdedef) (usurper) Approx Reign 24 23 8 25(?) 28(?) 4 2
Dynasty V; C 2490 ­ C 2340
Numbers in parenthesis denote years of regency A 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 TC 3.17 SAQ Name Userkaf (Irmaat) Sahure (Nebkhau) Neferirkare Kakai (Userkhau) Shepseskare Isi (Sekhemkhau) Neferefre (Neferkhau) Nyuserre (Isetibtowy) Menkaunhor Akauhor (Menkhau) Djedkare Isesi (Djedkhau) Unas (Unis) Approx Reign 7 14 10 7 7 (?) (3) 1 8 39 30
28 29 3.23 3.24 3.25 30 31 32
Dynasty VI; C 2340 ­ C 2180
Numbers in parenthesis denote years of regency A 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 TC SAQ 33 34 35 36 Name Teti (Seheteptowy) Userkare Meryre Phio(p)s (Pepi) I Merenre Antyemsaf I Neferkhare Phiops (Pepi) II Merenre Antyemsaf II Netjerykare Menkare (?) Nitocris (Queen Nitokerty) Approx Reign 12 1 (?) 49 (9) 14 94 (?) 1 2 (?)
4.8

FIRST INTERMEDIATE PERIOD Dynasty VII; C 2180 ­ C 2175 (at Memphis)
List Name TC 4.20; A 42 Neferkare II (`the Younger') A 43 Neferkare Neby A 44 Djedkare Shemay Neferkare Khendu A 46 Meryenhor List A 47 A 48 A 49 A 50 Name Neferkamin Nykare Neferkare Tereru Neferkahor
Dynasty VIII; C 2175 ­ C 2160 (at Memphis)
TC 4.8 4.9 4.10 A 51 52 53 54 55 56 Name Wadjkare Pepysonbe (Horus Kha-(bau?)) Neferkamin Anu Kakare Ibi Neferkare Neferkauhor Kapuibi (Horus Netjerybau) Neferirkare (Horus Kemedjibtowy) Rule 4+x months 2 yrs, 1 mo 4 yrs, 2 mo 2 yrs, 1 mo 1 yr, ½ mo
Dynasty IX; C 2160 ­ C 2130 (at Heracleopolis)
This list is from www.narmer.com TC Name Khety I (Akhtoy I) 4.20 Neferkare (III) 4.21 Khety II (Akhtoy II) 4.22 Senen.... TC 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 Name Khety III (Akhtoy III) Khety IV (Akhtoy IV) Shed.... H.....
Dynasty X; C 2130 ­ C 2040 (at Heracleopolis)
Meryhathor (?) Neferkare Wahkare Achthoes III Merykare ....... (rules x months)
MIDDLE KINGDOM Dynasty XI; C 2134 ­ 1991 (at Thebes)
A TC SAQ Horus Name Tep(y)a Sehertowy Wahankh Nakhtnebtepnefer Sankhibtowy Netjeryhedjet Smatowy Sankhtowyef Nebtowy Throne and Personal Names Mentuhotpe(-a) I Inyotef I Inyotef II Inyotef III Nebhepetre Mentuhotpe II Sankhkare Mentuhotpe III Nebtowyre Mentuhotpe IV Approx Reign 13(?) 15 48 7 50 11 6
57 58
5.17
46 45
Dynasty XII; 1991 ­ C 1786 (at Itj-tarny)
Numbers in parenthesis denote years of regency A TC SAQ Name 59 44 Sehetepibre Ammenemes I (son) 60 43 Kheperkare Sesostris I (son) (10) 61 42 Nubkaure Ammenemes II (son) (2) 62 41 Khakheperre Sesostris II (son) (3) 63 40 Khakaure Sesostris III 64 39 Nymare Ammenemes III 65 38 Makherure Ammenemes IV 6.2 37 Sobkkare Sobkneferu (Queen) Year 1991 1971 1929 1897 1878 1842 1798 1789

SECOND INTERMEDIATE PERIOD Dynasty XIII; C 1786 ­ C 1633
A very confusing time for which there are differing list of rulers. See Appendix A. This list from www.narmer.com TC Name Rule TC Name Rule Wegaf 2 7.6 Ined 3 (?) 6.6 Amenemhat V Senbuf 5 Neferhotep II 3 Sekhemre Khutawi 6 7.7 Hori (Hor II) 1 6.7 Amenemhat V 3 7.8 Sebekhotep VII 2 6.8 Ameni Kemaw (Sehetepibre) 1 Didumes 3 6.9 Iufeni <1 7.14 Ibi II 6.10 Amenemhat VI 6 7.15 Hor (III) 6.11 Nebnun (Semenkare) 2 7.16 Se...kare 6.12 Hornedjheriotef 3 Senebmiu 6.13 Sewadjkare 2 Sekhaenre 6.14 Nedjemibre 1 7.22 Merikheperre 6.15 Sebekhotep I 3 7.23 Merikare 6.16 Reniseneb <1 Senweseret IV (Sesostris IV) 6.17 Hor I 5 Montuemsaf Amenemhat VII 7 Neferhotep III 1 (?) 6.19 Sebekhotep II Amenemhat 6 Mentuhotep V 6.20 Khendjer 6 Nerkare 1 (?) 6.21 Imiramesha (Mermesha) 2 Wesermontu 6.22 Intef IV 1 Sebekhotep VIII 16 (?) 6.23 Seth I <1 Ini II Ibi (I) Mentuhotep VI Aakeni Senaib 6.24 Sebekhotep III 3 Sebekhotep IX Neferhotep I 11 Wepwawetemsaf 6.26 Sahathor 1 Hor Meritaui 6.27 Sebekhotep IV 8 Sebekai 7.1 Sebekhotep V 5 Khuiiker 7.2 Iaib 11 Seankhptah Ai I 13 Sakare 7.4 Sebekhotep VI 2 Ini I 2 (?) 7.5 Sankhenre Suadjetu 3
Dynasty XIV; C 1786 ­ C 1633 (at Xois)
Given as "76 Kings". See Appendix A. This list is from www.narmer.com TC Name Rule TC Name 8.1 Nehesi 8.18 Sankhibre 8.2 Khatire 8.19 Kanefertumre 8.3 Nebfawre 5 mo, 15 days 8.20 Sekhem...re 8.4 Sehebre 8.21 Kakemetre 8.5 Meridjefare 8.22 Neferibre 8.6 Sewadjkare (II) 8.23 A....(?) 8.7 Nebdjefare 8.24 Kha....re 8.8 Ubenre 8.25 Ankhkare 8.10 ....djefare 8.26 Semen...re 8.11 ....wbenre 8.27 Djed...re 8.12 Awtibre 9.7 Senefer...re 8.13 Herwibre 9.8 Menibre 8.14 Nebsenre 5 mo, 20 days 9.9 Djed....re 8.16 Sekheperenre 2 mo, 1 day 9.14 Inek.... 8.17 Djedkherure 2 mo, 5 days 9.15 I.... Rule

9.16 9.17 9.18 9.19 9.20 9.21 9.22
Ip..... Hebi Aped Hepw Shemsu Meni.... Urkai
9.25 9.26 9.28 9.29 9.30 10.1 10.2
....kare ....kare Hepu.... ....annati Bebnem Iuf.... Seth II
10.3 10.4 10.7 10.9 10.10 10.11
Sinu Hor III Nibef Penestensepti Kherhemwetshepsut Khuihemwet
Dynasty XV; C 1674 ­ C 1567 (Great Hyksos)
There are differing lists of rulers. See Appendix A. Figures in parenthesis denote years of regency. Name Rule Name Mayebre Sheshi (Salitis) (1?) 13 Auserre Apophis I Meruserre Yakubher (Bnon or Beon) 8 Awenenre Apophis II Seuserenre Khyan Asehre Khamudy (?) Rule 40+x years
Dynasty XVI; C 1674 ­ C 1620 ("Small" Hyksos; at Thebes)
There are differing lists of rulers. Www.narmer.com gives 19. See Appendix A. Anather Ahetepre Semqen Sekhenre Khauserre Amu Seket Nebkhepeshre Apophis (III?)
Dynasty XVII; C 1650 ­ 1567 (at Thebes)
There are differing lists of rulers. See Appendix A. This list is from www.narmer.com. TC Name Years TC Name Intef V 3 11.8 Sueserenre Rahotep 3 11.9 Sebekemsaf II Sebekemsaf I 16 Intef VI (the Elder) Djehuti 1 Intef VII 11.4 Mentuhotep VII 1 Snakhtenre Tao I 11.5 Nibiraw I (Nibirierawet I) 19 Seqenenre Tao II (the Brave) 11.6 Nibiraw II (Nibirierawet II) <1 Kamose 11.7 Semenenre 1± Years 8 7 10 <1 3 5 6
NEW KINGDOM ­ the EMPIRE Dynasty XVIII; 1567 ­ 1310
Figures in parenthesis denote years of regency. Name Nebpehtye Amosis I Djeserkare Amenophis I Akheperkare Tuthmosis I Akheperenre Tuthmosis II Makare Hatshepsut (Queen) Menkheperre Tuthmosis III (21) Akheprure Amenophis II Year 1567 1546 1522 1510 1492 1470 1438 Name Menkheprure Tuthmosis IV Nebmare Amenophis III Neferkheprure Amenophis IV (Akhenaten) (Ankhkheprure) Smenkhkare (3) Nebkheprure Tutankhamun Kheperkheprure Ay Djeserkheprure Horemheb Year 1414 1404 1366 1349 1348 1339 1335
Dynasty XIX: 1310 ­ 1195 (at Tanis)
Name Year Name Menpehtyre Ramesses I 1310 Menmare Amenmesses Menmare Sethos I (son) 1308 Userkheprure Sethos II Usermare Ramesses II (son) 1291 Akhenre-setepenre Merneptah Siptah (or; Sekhaenre Ramesses Siptah) Baenre Merneptah (son ) (Merenptah) 1224 Sitre-meryetamun Tewosret (Queen) (Consort 1210 ­ 1204; Queen 1204 ­ 1197) Year 1214 1210 1204 1197 (?)

Dynasty XX; 1195 ­ 1076 (at Tanis)
Name Userkhaure Sethnakhte Usermare-meryamun Ramesses III Usermare-setepenamun (later Hikmaresetepenamun) Ramesses IV (son) Usermare-sekheperenre Ramesses V (son) Nebmare-meryamun Ramesses VI Year 1195 1193 1162 1156 1152 Name Usermare-meryamun-setepenre Ramesses VII Usermare-akhenamun Ramesses VIII Neferkare-setepenre Ramesses IX Khepermare-setepenre Ramesses X Menmare-setepenptah Ramesses XI Year 1145 1138 1135 1118 1115
LATE PERIOD Dynasty XXI; 1076 ­ 945 (at Tanis and Thebes)
Heavily modified, from many schemes. Names are from www.narmer.com. Number in parenthesis is a regency. At TANIS At THEBES Name Year Name Year Smendes I 1070 Herhor 1080 Amenemose 1043 Piankhi 1074 Pasebakhaienniut I (Psusennes I) 1039 Pinudjem I 1070 Amenemopet (2) 993 Masuharte 1054 Osokhor (Osorkon the Elder) 984 Djedkhonsuefankh 1045 Siamun 978 Menkheperre 1045 Pasebakhaenniut II (Psusennes II) 959 Smendes II 992 Pinudjem II 990 Pasebakhaienniut III (Psusennes III) = Psusennes II 969
Dynasty XXII; 945 ­ 715 (Libyan at Bubastis)
The only modification here is switched order of Takelot I and Shoshenq II as per www.narmer.com. Name Year Name Hedjkheperre-setepenre Shoshenq I 945 Hedjkheperre-setepenre Takelot II Sekhemkheperre-setepenre Osorkon I (son) 924 Usermare-setepenre Sheshonq III (son) Shoshenq II (son) 890 Usermare-setepenre Pimay (Pimai) (son) Takelot I 889 Akheperre Sheshonq IV (son) Usermare-setepenamun Osorkon II (son) 874 Akheperre-setepenre Osorkon IV (son) Year 850 825 773 767 730
Dynasty XXIII; 818 ­ 715 (at Thebes)
Name Usermare-setepenamun Pedubast I Usermare-meryamun Shoshenq IV Usermare-setepenamun Osorkon III Usermare-setepenamun Takelot III (son) Year 818 793 787 764 Name Usermare-setepenamun Rudamun Usermare-setepenamun Iuput II Uasneterre-Sheshenq VI Year 757 754 720
Dynasty XXIV; 727 ­ 715 (at Memphis)
Name Shepsesre Tefnakhte Year 727 Name Wahkare Bocchoris Year 720
Dynasty XXV; 730 ­ 656 (Ethiopian)
Name Piankhi (son of Kashta) Shabaka (or Seve?) (son or brother?) Shabataka (Sebichos) (son) Year 730 716 702 Name Taharqa (cousin) Tanutamon (Tandamane) Year 690 664

Dynasty XXVI; 663 ­ 525 (Native at Sais)
Some reign dates modified by www.narmer.com Name Psamtik (Psammetichos) I Necho (Nechao, Niku) II (son) Psamtik (Psamatik; Psammetichos) II (son) Year 663 610 595 Name Apries (Uahibre, Uaphris, Hephra) (son) Amasis (I'ahmases II) Psamtik (Psamatik; Psammetichos) III (son) Year 589 570 526
Dynasty XXVII; 525 ­ 404 (First Persian)
Name Cambyses Darius I (Aryandes, satrap C 520 ­ 517) Xerxes I (Hakhamanish, satrap) Year 525 522 486 Artaxerxes I Darius II Name (Thannyras, satrap) Year 465 424
LAST EGYPTIAN KINGDOM
Dynasty XXVIII; 404 ­ 398 (at Sais)
Amyrtaios (Amenertais)
Dynasty XXIX; 398 ­ 380 (at Mendes)
Some reign dates modified by www.narmer.com. Name Nepherites (Naifaaurud) I Mouthis (?) (Muthes) Psammouthis (Psamut) (1) Numbers in parenthesis are years of regency. Year Name 398 Hakoris (Achoris; Hakori) (2) 393 Nepherites II (rules 4 months) 392 Year 392 380
Dynasty XXX; 380 ­ 342 (at Sebennytus)
Reigns modified by www.narmer.com. Number in parenthesis are years of regency. Name Year Name Nectanebo (Nekhtnebef) I 380 Nectanebo (Nekhthorheb II) Teos (Djedher; Tachos) (son) (3) 364 Year 359
SECOND PERSIAN PERIOD Dynasty XXXI; 342 ­ 332
Artaxerxes III Arses Name (Satrap: Ochus) Year 342 338 Darius III Name (Satrap: Codomanus) Year 335
GREEK PERIOD "Dynasty XXXII"; 332 ­ 310
Name Alexander I (II) the Great Philip Arrhidaeus Year 332 323 Name Alexander II (IV) Year 317

PTOLEMAIC PERIOD
"Dynasty XXXIII"; 310 ­ 30
Somewhat confusing dynasty. This list represents the best organization from several sources. Name Years Ptolemy I Soter 310 - 282 Ptolemy II Philadelphus 282 ­ 29 Jan 246 Ptolemy III Euergetes I 246 ­ 222 Ptolemy IV Philopator 222 ­ 204 Ptolemy V Epiphanes 204 ­ 180 Ptolemy VI Philometor 180 - 145 Joint rule of Ptolemy VI, Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra II (5 Oct 170) (Expulsion of Philometor 164-163) Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator, associated on the throne with 145 ­ 144 Ptolemy VIII Euergetes (Physcon) 145 ­ 116 Cleopatra III and Ptolemy IX Soter II (Lathyros) 116 ­ 107 Cleopatra III and Ptolemy X Alexander 107 ­ 101 Ptolemy X Alexander I and Cleopatra Berenice 101 ­ 89 Ptolemy IX Soter II 89 ­ 81 Cleopatra Berenice and Ptolemy XI Alexander II 80 Ptolemy XII (Auletes) 80 ­ 58 Berenice IV 58 ­ 55 Ptolemy XII (Auletes) 55 ­ 51 Cleopatra VII and Ptolemy XIII 51 ­ 47 Cleopatra VII and Ptolemy XIV 47 ­ 44 Cleopatra VII and Ptolemy XV (Caesarion) 44 ­ 12 Aug. 30